Civilization is the most important keword of this post. Through western civilization settled agriculture and the development of agricultural skills created a cooperative social fabric and spawned the growth of communities, as well as changed the face of the earth with its overriding impact on the natural environment. Civilization had contributed to the change of our natural landscape to more “artificial” one. Thus it produced both positive and negative impact to the natural habitat.
Bulan: Juni 2007
Does TiO2 coating form denser pore size?
Interesting question is raised because that result that what I have got. Interesting, in one side it is known that the coating of TiO2 has caused higher affinity of membrane surface. In my opinion higher affinity, more or less, means higher permeability, higher chance that more water passes the pore of membrane. But my experiment shows the opposite. I just did a simple permeability though, but I think despite of its simplicity, it offers a very powerful tool to gain some insight about what is going on after coating in terms of its ability to allow water pass through the membrane. This post is dedicated to find out is it really true that the coating of TiO2 affect the pore size of membrane surface and make it denser.
About ultrafiltration: introduction
Combine with microfiltration, ultrafiltration (UF) is a low pressure membrane. UF is usually used for potable water treatment, biological wastewater treatment and also for ultrapure water production. The latter is common method for metal or electronic industries. UF typically operates within 40-1000 kPa (5.8-145 psi) (0.4-10 bar) having molecular weight cut off (MWCO) ranging from 1 kDa to 100 kDa (kilo Dalton).
MWCO is a term used to define 90% of molecular weight of a compound can be retained by the UF. Since UF have higher pore size or MWCO than reverse osmosis (RO), it usually produce higher flux. However, since RO has denser pore size, thus the rejection is become more excellent, even a virus may be filtered out to result a high ultrapure water.
Summary of my theses
Well, as I have written several ideas in a very old posts, such as UF fractionation, TiO2 coating, photocatalysis effect to molecular weight distribution including gel filtration chromatography, now I want to summarize what I have done and brief result.